Foreign residents in Japan face potential disruptions to government services and policy uncertainty as Prime Minister Takaichi has announced plans to dissolve the House of Representatives shortly after the regular Diet session convenes on January 23, 2026. The snap election, likely to be held on February 8, comes amid unprecedented political realignment that could reshape Japan's governance structure and affect expat stability. According to NHK, Prime Minister Takaichi informed leaders of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and its coalition partner, the Japan Innovation Party (Ishin), of her intention to call an early election. Both parties are now preparing for a February 8 voting date, accelerating campaign preparations and policy announcements. The decision to hold elections during winter, coinciding with university entrance exam season, has drawn criticism from various quarters, including students who report that campaign loudspeakers disrupt study concentration. The most significant development for expats is the potential formation of new political alliances that could alter the stability of government services. The Constitutional Democratic Party (CDP) and Komeito are exploring unprecedented cooperation, including creating a unified proportional representation list or even forming a new party comprising House of Representatives members from both organizations. According to NHK reporting, both parties plan to finalize their positions on January 15, following internal consultations. This political realignment represents a seismic shift in Japanese politics. Komeito, traditionally aligned with the LDP for decades, appears to be breaking away to form opposition alliances. Such changes could affect policy continuity in areas critical to foreign residents, including immigration services, visa processing, international education programs, and foreign worker protections. When coalition governments change or new parties form, administrative priorities often shift, potentially causing delays in routine services. For expats, the timing presents several practical concerns. Government offices may experience reduced capacity during the campaign period and immediately following the election as new administrations take shape. Immigration bureaus, ward offices, and other agencies that serve foreign residents could face processing delays. Those planning visa renewals, status changes, or other immigration procedures should consider submitting applications well before the election period if possible. The election also raises questions about policy stability. Campaign periods often see politicians making promises that could affect foreign residents, from changes to visa categories and work permit requirements to alterations in social services, healthcare access, and education policies. Expats should monitor party platforms and campaign promises, particularly from parties likely to form the next government. According to Livedoor News, the February 8 date has already generated controversy due to its overlap with entrance examination season, suggesting the government may face pressure to maintain essential services despite political transitions. However, foreign residents should prepare for potential administrative slowdowns. The current political upheaval also highlights the importance of expats staying informed about Japanese politics. While foreign residents cannot vote in national elections, the outcomes directly affect their daily lives. Understanding which parties support foreigner-friendly policies, international cooperation, and stable immigration systems becomes crucial during periods of political realignment. Experts suggest that major policy changes are unlikely to take immediate effect, as any new government will require time to implement reforms. However, the direction of change becomes clearer during campaign periods, giving expats advance notice of potential shifts in areas like work visa categories, permanent residency requirements, and social integration programs. Foreign residents should ensure their documentation is current and consider completing any pending administrative procedures before the election. Staying connected with expat communities, embassy resources, and reliable Japanese news sources will help navigate any post-election changes. While political transitions can create uncertainty, Japan's bureaucratic systems typically maintain operational continuity, though with possible temporary delays.